On This Day:

1644, England: The Battle of Marston Moor took place during the First English Civil War.

1816, Indonesia: The eruption of Mount Tambora continued after its initial eruption in April.

1928, UK: British biologist Sir Alexander Fleming discovered the mold Penicillium notatum while investigating staphylococci bacteria, leading to the discovery of penicillin.

1961, Idaho, USA: Author Ernest Hemingway passed away in Ketchum. A Nobel Prize-winning writer known for works like "The Old Man and the Sea" and "A Farewell to Arms," Hemingway's terse, economical style profoundly influenced 20th-century fiction, leaving an enduring legacy.

1962, Arkansas, USA: Sam Walton opened the first Walmart store in Rogers.

1964, USA: President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act into law, outlawing discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

1982, Spain: The Spanish national football team won the UEFA European Championship by defeating the Soviet Union 2-1 in the final, securing Spain's first major international football title.

1990: Microsoft released Windows 3.0, a successful version of the Windows operating system.

1998: Google was officially incorporated as a private company by Larry Page and Sergey Brin.

2016, UK: The Bank of England released a detailed report on the potential of central bank-issued digital currencies (CBDCs).