On this special episode of ADHDoctor we deep dive into hormones and transmitters exclusively at the request of one of our listeners.

Begins with the flow of lymph, including the right lymphatic duct, cisterna chyli, and thoracic duct. The material then examines the organization of the autonomic nervous system, outlining the sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, splanchnic nerves, and visceral sensory pathways within the abdominal cavity. There is also an exploration of lymphatic drainage from the abdominal wall and viscera, emphasizing the clinical significance of sentinel nodes and cancer spread. Finally, it covers referred pain, the vagus nerve, and pelvic splanchnic nerves.

The primary focus is on the secretion of pancreatic juice, containing digestive enzymes and bicarbonate, and its role in digestion and neutralizing stomach acid in the duodenum. The sources discuss the cells involved, the regulation of secretion by hormones like secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK), and the activation of digestive enzymes. Additionally, the documents cover clinical correlations such as pancreatitis and steatorrhea.

Aims to identify muscles, including the diaphragm, and their functions, attachments, and innervation. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava, along with their branches and tributaries, are examined. The kidneys and suprarenal glands' structure, location, and function are also detailed. Finally, the course and distribution of the nerves of the lumbar plexus, and the vertebral levels they carry, are described.

Introduces the topic of GI diagnostic imaging, emphasizing clinical context, differential diagnoses, and various imaging modalities such as X-rays, ultrasounds, CT scans, and MRIs. It describes how to interpret abdominal X-rays, identify anatomical structures on radiographs and CT scans, and recognize specific pathologies.

Explores the histology of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, accessory organs crucial for digestion. Details the cellular organization and key structures within each organ, including hepatocytes, portal triads, and pancreatic acini. Highlights the diverse functions of these organs, such as bile production, nutrient processing, and enzyme secretion. Different models of liver lobules, the exocrine/endocrine functions of the pancreas, and clinical correlates like jaundice and cirrhosis are discussed.

This episode highlights key hormones like gastrin, secretin, and cholecystokinin (CCK), and details their roles in digestion and related disorders such as Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome. It also addresses salivary and gastric secretory functions, explaining the constituents, regulation, and significance of saliva, along with the various cell types involved in gastric secretion. It also covers the roles of acetylcholine, histamine, and gastrin on parietal cells, and explores the different phases of gastric acid secretion and related clinical conditions.

Focuses on the blood supply of the abdomen.