In this episode of Echoes, we explore the generational shift in pre-war Japanese American sumo, as the Issei (first-generation immigrants) began stepping back and the Nisei (second-generation) took center stage. Through newspaper records, oral histories, and rare archival photos, we uncover the tensions, aspirations, and transformations that defined this era. From early skepticism about the Nisei’s abilities to their eventual dominance in the sport, we trace how sumo evolved in California and what it meant for the Japanese American community at large. We also highlight the work of the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL)—an organization dedicated to protecting civil rights and preserving Japanese American history. Learn more at jacl.org.