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Studies show that a police officer experiences as many traumatic events in 6 months as the average person does across their entire lifetime. These stressful experiences can build up within an officer and lead to any number of personal and professional problems. For several decades there has been some recognition by policing to the impact of stress, and this has increased their willingness to do something about it. This episode will explore some of the current research into the mental health services available to the police.

Main Topics
•What are the views of police officers with respect to accessing mental health services?
•What are the perceptions of sworn officers and civilian personnel about the current state of mental health in law enforcement
•[What are some of the policy implications for police leaders regarding getting mental health services into the agency.

Dr. Padilla can be contacted at kepadil@txstate.edu

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In recent years there has been a small shift in how the police should frame their goals, and how police academies should train new recruits. The “guardian” approach to policing emphasizes community service, democracy, procedural justice, and de-escalation.

Shifting from a warrior training framework to a guardian framework may be a false dichotomy choice. Both frameworks are like the opposite sides of a coin: both are necessary to make the coin. It may be media "copiganda" that forces the warrior perspective on the police and the public.

Joining us on the podcast to discuss a shifting focus for the police training academy is Dr. Beck Strah, who is an Assistant Professor in the School of Justice Studies at Roger Williams University. He serves as the primary investigator on a statewide evaluation of Rhode Island’s Crisis Intervention Teams training programs. Dr. Strah is a 2020 graduate of Northeastern University.

Beck also hosts a podcast called Prison Breakdown where we discuss prison news, issues, and history.

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Technological advancements have always found their way into policing, and Artificial Intelligence is no exception.

Dr. Ian Adams joins the podcast today to discuss some of the seminal research exploring AI in policing. Ian is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of South Carolina. Ian is also a 2023 National Institute of Justice LEADS (Law Enforcement Advancing Data and Science) Academic, and he is the Managing Editor for Police Practice & Research: An International Journal. In a prior life Ian was a police officer who worked in Utah.

Beyond simple questions of "does AI work to make policing more efficient?," Ian explains that AI can accidentally do a better job in some parts of policing, but this may open the door to legal questions about the development of suspicion.

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Police agencies are experiencing an increased loss in staffing and complex issues when trying to fill those positions.

This week Dr. Joe Schafer from Arizona State University's School of Criminology & Criminal Justice joins the podcast to explore the issue of hiring and retention. Joe goes beyond the obvious factors, such as better pay, to discuss subtle elements of hiring and retention, such as generational considerations in how officers view the occupation, temporary assignments to relieve stress, and agency consolidation to reduce the need for officers to find job enrichment in larger departments.

Joe's report can be found at the following:

chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://morrisoninstitute.asu.edu/sites/default/files/2024-01/5%20-%20Public%20Service%20Leader%20Interviews%2B%202024.pdf

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Procedural Justice is more than a simple buzzword. It is related to police legitimacy, de-escalation, hot spots policing, and organizational justice.

This week we talk with Dr. Justin Nix, a Distinguished Associate Professor in the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of Nebraska Omaha, where he teaches classes on policing and coordinates the Master of Arts degree program. Justine offers a solid discussion of Procedural Justice basics, but also delves into empowerment hypothesis and legal estrangement.

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Bluesky: @policeinservice.bsky.social

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At its most fundamental level, policing is a public service. And there is a trend in policing to recognize that duty. This episode will explore how some police agencies have begun to work with service providers to help people into drug treatment. Professor Sean Varano, from Roger Williams University, discusses some of the complexities of this goal. Dr. Varano is an active collaborator with local communities implementing and evaluating evidence-based approaches to crime and public health. He was a co-principal investigator/evaluator for the City of Providence’s Project Safe Neighborhoods (PSN) gang reduction program funded through the U.S. Department of Justice.

If you are interested in some of the training, strategic guidance, support, and resources to help law enforcement agencies implement diversion programs, here are a few links:

The Police Assisted Addiction & Recovery Initiative (PAARI):
https://paariusa.org/

Police Treatment and Community Collaborative (PTACC):
https://ptaccollaborative.org/

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"Policing Humor" can be interpreted in two ways. First, the cops are cracking down on jokes or anyone trying to be a "funny guy." Second, and correctly, the notion that policing expose officers to a lot of funny situations. But there is utility in humor, and we'll examine this in the podcast. Further, attempts to take away the ability for officers to crack jokes with each other can have negative effects on officers and policing in general.

I'm joined by S. Marlon Gayadeen from Buffalo State University who will bring some depth to the idea that policing (as with other stressful jobs), to some extent, requires humor.

S. Marlon Gayadeen is an associate professor in the Department of Criminal Justice at SUNY Buffalo State University. His research interests are anchored in sociological (classical, contemporary & organizational) and criminological theoretical frameworks. Government agencies and criminal justice practitioners have utilized his insights on crime causation.

If you are interested in reading the article that we discuss, I can provide a PDF version (Gayadeen, S. M., & Phillips, S. W. (2016). Donut time: the use of humor across the police work environment. Journal of Organizational Ethnography, 5(1), 44-59).

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In this episode we speak with Steven Bishopp, a Major in the Dallas Police Department. Steve has been with the DPD for over 30 years. Currently, he leads the R&D division, which handles police crime numbers from the reports officers do in the field. He also leads the department's UCR/NIBRS team, which validates offense and arrest data under NIBRS rules and submits monthly data to Texas DPS/FBI NIBRS. Steve earned a Ph.D. from UT Dallas, and has been published many times on a variety of subjects. If you'd like to track down some of the research we discuss in this podcast, please contact me and I'll try to send you some PDFs.

Here are some of the articles we discussed:

Dae-Young Kim, Scott W. Phillips, & Stephen Bishopp. (2021). Exploring the police use of force continuum with a partial proportional odds model. Policing: An International Journal, 45(2), 252-265.

John L. Worrall, Stephen A. Bishopp, Scott C. Zinser, Andrew P. Wheeler, & Scott W. Phillips. (2018). Exploring bias in police shooting decisions with real shoot/don’t shoot cases. Crime & Delinquency, 64(9), 1171-1192.

Worrall, J. L., Bishopp, S. A., & Terrill, W. (2021). The effect of suspect race on police officers’ decisions to draw their weapons. Justice Quarterly, 38(7), 1428-1447.

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Feel free to email me your comments using the "send us a text" option, or at the following email address: policeinservicetrainingpodcast@gmail.com

Bluesky: @policeinservice.bsky.social