Tafsir: Understanding the Glorious Qur’an and Its Importance
Assalamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh,
I am Zayd Haji, a postgraduate student in Islamic Science at Zad Academy. My journey in Islamic studies is driven by a deep desire to enhance my understanding of our Deen. Today, I’m excited to share insights from our first lecture on Tafsir, the science of interpreting the Qur'an, at Zad Academy.
The Significance of Tafsir
Tafsir is the essential study of explaining the Qur’an’s meanings, helping Muslims understand and practice Islam correctly. As the Word of Allah (SWT), the Qur’an is our ultimate guide.
Surely this Quran guides to what is most upright, and gives good news to the believers—who do good—that they will have a mighty reward. (Qur'an 17:9).
The Qur’an was revealed in Arabic to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) through Angel Jibril (AS). The Prophet (ﷺ) explained its verses to his companions—this is Tafsir, essential for understanding Allah’s guidance.
The Role of Language in Tafsir
Understanding Tafsir requires knowledge of the Arabic language, as the Qur’an was revealed in Arabic. The linguistic structure, grammar, and historical context are crucial for accurate interpretation. The term “Tafsir” comes from the root “Fassara,” meaning to explain, while "Ta’wil" often refers to deeper, hidden meanings. Both concepts are key to understanding the Qur’an's guidance.
Sources of Tafsir
Tafsir is not based on individual opinion but is derived from established sources. The primary sources include:
The Qur’an itself: One part of the Qur’an can explain another. For example, the meaning of "Muttaqin" (those conscious of Allah) in Surah Al-Baqarah (Qur'an 2:2) This is the Book! There is no doubt about it—a guide for those mindful ˹of Allah˺ — further clarified by other verses in the Qur'an that describe the characteristics of the righteous.
The Hadith: The sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) are the second most important source. The Prophet (ﷺ) was sent to explain the Qur’an, as stated in the Qur’an, ˹We sent them˺ with clear proofs and divine Books. And We have sent down to you ˹O Prophet˺ the Reminder, so that you may explain to people what has been revealed for them, and perhaps they will reflect. (Qur'an 16:44).
For example, when explaining the verse Recite what has been revealed to you of the Book and establish prayer. Indeed, ˹genuine˺ prayer should deter ˹one˺ from indecency and wickedness. The remembrance of Allah is ˹an˺ even greater ˹deterrent˺. And Allah ˹fully˺ knows what you ˹all˺ do. (Qur'an 29:45), the Prophet (ﷺ) demonstrated how to perform Salah through his actions.
The sayings of the Companions: The companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) often asked him for explanations, and their understanding of the Qur’an is a critical resource. Ibn Abbas (RA) is especially renowned for his deep understanding of Tafsir, having been taught directly by the Prophet (ﷺ), who made dua for him, saying,
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
Once the Prophet (ﷺ) embraced me (pressed me to his chest) and said, "O Allah, teach him wisdom (i.e. the understanding of the knowledge of Qur'an). (Sahih al-Bukhari 3756).
The Arabic language and grammar: Understanding the linguistic nuances and the context in which the words were used by the Arabs at the time of revelation is crucial. For instance, the term "Fajr" in Surah Al-Fajr By the dawn (Qur'an 89:1) is understood within the context of dawn and early morning light.
Scholarly Consensus and Ijtihad: Tafsir also involves the scholarly consensus (Ijma’) and individual reasoning (Ijtihad) within the framework of established Islamic principles.
Conclusion
The study of Tafsir allows Muslims to connect deeply with the Qur'an. By understanding its context and the teachings of the Prophet (ﷺ), we gain clarity on living according to Allah’s guidance. May Allah (SWT) grant us the wisdom to apply the Qur’an’s teachings in our daily lives. Ameen.
Wa Alaikum Assalam wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
