This episode features a conversation between Arassari Pataxó, an indigenous leader and spokesperson for the Pataxó People from the Barra Velha Territory in Bahia, Brazil, and Betty Osceola, a leader and spokesperson for the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida (Panther Clan). Betty Osceola is also an internationally recognized environmental advocate, educator, and defender of the Florida Everglades.

Both leaders emphasize the importance of indigenous frameworks of healing rather than restoration in addressing the threat of encroachment and environmental damage in their homelands. They argue that Indigenous concepts of resiliency must be taken seriously when designing solutions.

In this episode, Dr. Simone Athayde graciously volunteered to serve as translator. She is a former Associate Professor of Environmental Anthropology at FIU and has conducted extensive research in the Amazon on indigenous issues. She is currently a researcher with The World Resources Institute.

**Special Acknowledgments and Thanks**Inma Cortes, Beatriz P. de Carvalho, and Estela Nickerson are greatly appreciated for their efforts in facilitating Arassari Pataxo’s visit to Florida International University.

Producer: Mitzi Uehara Carter

Audio Engineer: Gabriel E. Marchisio Jr.

Audio and Post-Production Editing: Sebastian Rocha Alvarez

Associate Producer and Audio Editor: Diane Benitez

Disclaimer: This podcast does not reflect FIU policy.