1. Open Source Innovation

• Slashed API costs to 1/30th of OpenAI's
• Focuses on affordability and accessibility
• Triggered price competition with ByteDance and Ali Cloud

1. Original Research Philosophy

• Prioritizes foundational research over quick commercialization
• Developed MLA architecture as transformer alternative
• Aims to lead through new designs rather than imitation

1. Long-term Research Focus

• Commits to fundamental breakthroughs over quick profits
• Not constrained by existing revenue streams
• Emphasizes patient capital for major innovations

1. Strategic Specialization

• Focuses solely on core model research
• Avoids diversification into apps/products
• Enables deeper expertise in foundational AI

1. Regulatory and Market Issues

• Big Tech focuses on regulatory capture
• Lobbying for AI safety rules favoring incumbents
• Emphasis on closed ecosystems over innovation

1. Innovation Barriers

• Large companies prioritize incremental updates
• Focus on vertical integration through acquisitions
• Risk-averse R&D approach

1. Structural Problems

• Short-term profit focus
• Talent concentration in big tech
• Healthcare/education costs limiting entrepreneurship
• Income inequality affecting innovation pipeline

1. Cultural Factors

• Elite clustering in top tech roles
• Resource barriers to STEM education
• Focus on pedigree over merit
• Transactional versus collaborative culture

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