Ancient Biography

Saint Peter, also known as Peter the Apostle, was one of the main figures of the early Christian Church. He began his life as a simple fisherman who caught fish in the Sea of Galilea, but one day, this fisherman became a “fisher of men” instead. In good time, he would help to form one of the largest religious movements the world had ever known, eventually giving his life to the cause when he was sentenced to death by crucifixion. Here, in this audiobook, we discover the life of Saint Peter from beginning to end.

In 30 BC, Queen Cleopatra took her own life in a mausoleum in Alexandria, thus ending the reign of the last independent pharaohs of Egypt. After her death, Egypt became one of the many provinces of the Roman Empire. Cleopatra's rule of more than two decades involved ruthless power struggles with her siblings and alliances and affairs with the likes of Julius Caesar and Mark Anthony.

Cleopatra (69 BC-30 BC), the last Pharaoh of Egypt and the third daughter Ptolemy XII Auletes, is one of the most mysterious people in ancient history, so compelling and mysterious that myths and legends abound about her to this day. Not much is known about her early life but her later conquests became the fodder for countless movies and books. Some portray her as a majestic seductress and others portray her as a bloodthirsty killer; oftentimes both. There is truth to these renditions of her.

Nefertiti, 1370 BC - 1330 BC, the great queen, is best known to us for her striking beauty. Her famous bust brought her to life ever since its discovery in 1912 by German Archeologist Ludwig Borchardt; her image has been the face of Egypt. Most people know her solely based on the bust, but she is much more than just a pretty face.

The Pharaoh Akhenaten was one of the most enigmatic people in ancient Egyptian history. Perhaps even in all of history. Often referred to as the heretic King, Akhenaten changed everything about Egypt, from the way religion was practiced to the art. Perhaps the most striking change was the art. He was often depicted with odd physical characteristics. These characteristics were not just relegated to his statuary, but to Akhenaten and his family as well.

Many historians in the past have seen Constantine as a secret pagan who used Christianity as a political device or a God-sent Emperor who converted a whole nation to Christianity. Since Constantine's personal beliefs allowed for both paganism and Christianity, he created an Empire of tolerance or a religiously neutral realm (as far as what you wanted to believe).

Many are the exploits of Rome's emperors, but few were as infamous as Caligula. His reign was short, just fewer than four years. During that time he wallowed in depravity and lunacy. He came to power with the full backing of the people, but little did they know he would inspire their hatred soon into his reign. Caligula is a fascinating character because he was so complex.

As the Roman Empire swept through Europe, it conquered almost all the lands it came across. It became the most hated empire the world had ever known. Despite their great success at subjecting the known world, they did not achieve these victories without a fight. Throughout their conquests, they met with fierce resistance. These various resistance movements culminated in numerous wars.

Perhaps there is no one in this world who hasn't heard of Alexander the Great. Considered to be one of the greatest kings in ancient history, Alexander united the Greek city states and led the Corinthian League. Later on, he went on to conquer Persia, Babylon, and Asia, creating Macedonian colonies in these areas. When he died in Babylon, he was considering conquering Carthage and Rome and he was only 32 years old.

Claudius. Often portrayed as an awkward, disfigured, and clumsy man, Claudius was the unlikely ruler of the Roman Empire from 41 CE to 54 CE. His reign would prove to be one of the longest of the time even though his rise to the throne did not come without opposition. Virtually no-one in Claudius’ family wanted to see him become emperor - only when he turned out to be the last surviving man of the Julio-Claudian dynasty did he ascend to the throne.

Galba was the first emperor in the infamous Year of the Four Emperors. After Nero’s suicide, which marked the death of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, Galba took control of the empire. A mere seven months later, he was assassinated. This short biography comes from Suetonius’ The Twelve Caesars and deals largely with Galba’s brief rule amid the first Roman civil war.

The tumultuous time that followed Nero’s suicide is known as The Year of the Four Emperors. In rapid succession, the Roman empire was ruled briefly by Galba, Otho, and Vitellius. Vespasian was a military commander, and with the help of his loyal soldiers and military allies, he defeated Vitellius and lay claim to his rule. Vespasian’s assumption of the empire, chronicled in this short biography by Suetonius, marked the start of the Flavian dynasty.

The Life of Cimon is just one of many notable biographies in Plutarch’s informative Parallel Lives series. Cimon, an Athenian Statesman, was the son of the general who won Greece’s battle of Marathon. Battling and defeating the Persian Empire on water, Cimon was crucial in the construction of the Athenian Maritime Empire. However, like so many others in the series, Cimon was eventually ostracized from the empire when his political views took a radical turn.

Nero. The very name seems to embody the character of a tyrant. The years of his reign come down to us with tales full of self-serving totalitarianism. Wasn’t he the one that fiddled while Rome burned after all? Wasn’t this the mad monarch who wished to embark upon a building project, so he set the old buildings that were in his way on fire? But besides this power-mad tyranny, what do we know about Nero? Surely even the most despotic dictator has a good side?

Lo imaginamos caminando con un aire de desdén, desgarbado y sucio, mofándose de la idea de patria o polis. Vestido con un burdo manto y con su morral a la usanza de su maestro, Diógenes de Sinope, apodado "el Perro", proclamaba ser "ciudadano del mundo", después de renunciar a su fortuna y a su estatus privilegiado. Era la Grecia del siglo IV a. C., recientemente sometida por los ejércitos de Alejandro Magno, y el malestar de la época se manifestaba de varias maneras.

Su nombre ha llegado hasta nosotros como un mito lejano y sin tiempo, uno de los filósofos más conocidos de la Antigüedad clásica. En su célebre escuela, denominada el Jardín, eran admitidos por igual hombres y mujeres, los cuales gozaban de los mismos derechos. Para él, la filosofía es un instrumento útil para conquistar la felicidad. ¿Cómo conquista el ser humano la felicidad? Cuando pone el placer como finalidad. Sin embargo, no es el placer sensual vinculado a las apetencias del cuerpo lo que el ser humano debe perseguir, sino....

"Me esfuerzo por conducir lo divino que hay en mí a lo divino que hay en el universo" fueron las palabras postreras de un filósofo hierático y reservado como un oráculo, seguidor de Platón. La identidad con lo divino es un caro anhelo para los místicos de todas las épocas y tradiciones culturales, incluyendo los místicos occidentales cristianos. El pensamiento de Plotino sería estimado considerablemente por filósofos posteriores, incluyendo a los padres de la Iglesia Católica como por ejemplo el célebre San Agustín.

The importance of Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (or as he was known from birth, Gaius Octavius “Octavian” Thurinus) to the course of Western history is hard to overstate. His life, his rise to power, his political, social, and military achievements, all laid the foundations for the creation of an empire which would endure for almost five centuries, and whose traditions, laws, architecture, and art continue to influence much of Europe and the world today.

The mere mention of his name, Tutankhamun, brings to mind visions of gold and splendor and thoughts of a majestic kingdom, but the reality of this young king is something quite different. His fame has less to do with his position in history and nearly everything to do with the discovery of his tomb by Howard Carter in 1922. There are many questions and mysteries still surrounding this famous king of Egypt. Who was Tutankhamun?

Over the last 2,000 years, ambitious men have dreamed of forging vast empires and attaining eternal glory in battle, but of all the conquerors who took steps toward such dreams, none were ever as successful as antiquity’s first great conqueror. History for Kids: The Illustrated Life of Alexander the Great provides an entertaining look at the facts and myths surrounding one of history’s most famous men and conquerors, while exploring the lasting legacy he left.