International Trade Economics

When it comes to the afflictions of the global economy, almost everyone - and especially Donald Trump - is quick to point the finger of blame at the state of international trade. But what about unconstrained capital flows? Unfettered capital has resulted in a string of financial and economic crises that have left our political systems strained and dialogue corroded. The once perceived benefits of openness have been cast to the wayside and the cracks in the global order can no longer be ignored.

This critical account of the fair trade movement explores the vast gap between the rhetoric of fair trade and its practical results for poor countries, particularly those of Africa. In the Global North, fair trade often is described as a revolutionary tool for transforming the lives of millions across the globe. The growth in sales for fair trade products has been dramatic in recent years, but most of the benefit has accrued to the already wealthy merchandisers at the top of the value chain rather than to the poor producers at the bottom.

È giusto cancellare il debito dei paesi più poveri? In che misura può contribuire a combatterne la povertà? Come agisce in questo campo la comunità internazionale? Personalità di governo e celebrità del mondo dello spettacolo, gruppi religiosi e Ong hanno attirato negli ultimi anni l'attenzione dell'opinione pubblica mondiale su questo tema. E si è andata affermando la convinzione che il debito del Terzo mondo sia la più tipica espressione del dominio del ricco sul povero e che sia quindi moralmente giusto abolirlo.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) began in 1995, but even in the first 10 years of its existence it generated debate, controversy, and even outrage. Rulings on beef hormones and tuna-dolphin cases provide graphic examples of how the organization regulates and intrudes into areas of individual consumer choice, ethical preferences, and cultural habits. This deep and far-ranging impact of the WTO on peoples' everyday lives means that it is not just an institution of interest to economists, but to everyone.