World War Ii Social History

On the night of November 9, 1938, an organized show of force against Jewish businesses and private homes occurred throughout German cities and recently annexed territories in Austria and the Sudetenland. This night would mark a turning point in the lives of not only Jews but all people of the time, marking a clear new path of violence, destruction, and persecution for Jews throughout Europe in the years to follow.

El Día D, la invasión de Normandía por los aliados, que estaba en manos de la Alemania Nazi, fue uno de los logros más extraordinarios, no solo de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, sino de toda la historia militar. Millones de soldados de los países aliados participaron en esta invasión, la más grande jamás realizada. Increíbles actos de astucia y coraje aseguraron el éxito en una operación que cambió el curso de la guerra, abriendo un nuevo y amplio frente que condujo a la liberación de Francia y la derrota de la Alemania Nazi.

Dr. Ernst Gräfenberg was among the most sought-after gynecologists in pre-World War II Germany. The creator of the first IUD, known as the Gräfenberg ring, he was posthumously credited with identifying the eponymous "Gräfenberg spot" or G-spot. He was also a Jew in Nazi Germany, and by 1938 he had been stripped of his practice, his possessions, and his freedom and was languishing in a Nazi prison.

"Storia del Colonialismo italiano in Africa", è un excursus sul colonialismo italiano nel continente africano dagli ultimi decenni del XIX secolo fino alla seconda guerra mondiale, con cenni all'epoca post coloniale. In questo Audiobook le conquiste italiane sono presentate sia dal punto di vista dei sostenitori che da quello degli oppositori all’impresa: si riportano le posizioni e gli scritti di esponenti politici, capi dell'esercito, giornalisti, poeti e intellettuali, semplici soldati e coloni italiani, come pure le voci di leader politici africani, capi della resistenza e indigeni coinvolti nell'occupazione militare, che riferiscono il vissuto e le reazioni dei popoli colonizzati.

The European continent was devastated in the wake of World War II, and the conflict left the Soviet Union and the United States as uncontested superpowers. This ushered in over 45 years of the Cold War, and a political alignment of Western democracies against the Communist Soviet bloc that produced conflicts pitting allies on each sides fighting, even as the American and Soviet militaries never engaged each other.

D-day, the Allied invasion of German-held Normandy, was one of the most extraordinary achievements not only of the Second World War, but in the whole of military history. Millions of Allied personnel were involved in launching the greatest sea-borne invasion ever undertaken. Incredible acts of cunning and of courage ensured success in an operation that changed the face of the war, opening a vast new front. It led to the liberation of France and the defeat of Nazi Germany.

In this biography, young listeners will learn all about Elizebeth Friedman (1892-1980), a brilliant American code breaker who smashed Nazi spy rings, took down gangsters, and created the CIA's first cryptology unit. Her story came to light when her secret papers were finally declassified in 2015. From thwarting notorious rumrunners with only paper and pencil to “counter-spying into the minds and activities of” Nazis, she held a pivotal role in the early days of US cryptology. No code was too challenging for her to crack, and her work undoubtedly saved thousands of lives.

The Germans and their Japanese allies have gone from victory to victory since the start of the war, but in the autumn of 1942, that begins to change. On the small Pacific island of Guadalcanal, US forces drive back the Japanese to capture a key airfield. Meanwhile, on the Eastern Front, Hitler’s blitzkrieg slams to a halt at Stalingrad, stopped by the Russian winter and a Red Army determined to defend every street. As the war enters its fourth year, the conflict becomes ever more brutal.

In August 1940, Berlin was hit by British bombers. Hitler immediately ordered a series of gigantic air defences be built - each one more expensive than the city’s entire Olympic facilities - but they’re ineffective and resources are wasted. The Führer also has an opportunity to force the British out of North Africa and gain control of the Middle East’s valuable oil. But he rejects his generals’ advice, just as he unnecessarily draws the United States into the war in Europe.

On 27th January 1944, Stalin declares that Leningrad has been liberated. After a siege lasting two and a half years, German forces retreat with the Red Army in hot pursuit. Encouraged by the victory, Soviet general Govorov decides to liberate Estonia, but in the battle of Narva, the Germans upset his plans, and the front comes to a temporary halt. Hitler's forces are feeling the pressure on all sides, however.

With Europe overrun by Hitler’s thundering war machine, Churchill is the only head of state with the courage to stand up to the Führer. The British Prime Minister’s iron will makes him a role model in Great Britain and across the continent. Churchill and his V-sign become a symbol of resistance against Nazi Germany. In Germany in February 1942, armaments minister Albert Speer has the job of making sure that there’s a steady supply of prisoners of war to man the plants and factories -at the same time as the SS are on a killing spree.

Luftwaffe pilots fear one weapon more than any other: British Spitfires. Powerful Rolls Royce engines and an ingenious design make the plane fast and manoeuvrable. In 1940, Spitfires and their fearless pilots resist Hitler’s attempts to bomb Britain to submission. The fighter’s success forces Germany’s leaders to develop even more powerful weapons. London is targeted by V-1 and V-2 bombs, forerunners of the Saturn V moon rocket. Meanwhile, on the Eastern Front the supergun Schwerer Gustav fires shells at targets 47 kilometres away.

The battle is won, the enemy driven out, and everyone can breathe again. Many field generals thought this - but generals often make mistakes. Throughout World War II, specially trained soldiers made sure that the enemy never rested in peace. Command units struck anywhere and at any time: a German general was kidnapped in the middle of Crete, while commandos liberated Benito Mussolini from his prison on a mountain top. And British units blew up factories in a Norwegian town to deprive Germany of important raw materials.

German tanks rolled unimpeded across the Russian steppes at the start of Hitler’s campaign against the Soviet Union. But in 1943, the so-called Slavic "untermensch" (subhumans) gain the initiative and transform the country into a hell for Hitler’s invasion forces. Nearly 100,000 Germans are captured after the Battle of Stalingrad at the beginning of the year. Ahead lies cold, hunger and ill-treatment, and only five percent of prisoners will return to Germany after the war.

In 1933 Adolf Hitler seizes power after seducing the German people with lavish promises of restoring order, prosperity and the Greater German Reich to its former glories. He then goes to on exploit other Western European powers’ fear of confrontation to rearm the country in direct defiance of the restrictive terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Before his neighbours can react, Hitler has transformed Germany’s armed forces into the most modern war machine of the day. And Hitler is not alone.

Die Weiße Rose - vor allem verbunden mit den Namen Hans und Sophie Scholl - kennt man als Widerstandsgruppe im nationalsozialistischen Staat. Wer aber weiß genau, was in den Flugblättern stand, die die jungen Leute das Leben kosteten?

Enigma est une machine électromécanique portable servant au chiffrement et au déchiffrement de l'information. Elle fut inventée par l'Allemand Arthur Scherbius, reprenant un brevet du Néerlandais Hugo Koch, datant de 1919. Son utilisation la plus célèbre fut celle faite par l'Allemagne nazie et ses alliés, avant et pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la machine étant réputée inviolable selon ses concepteurs.

Au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le système Double Cross (en anglais Double Cross System ou XX System, double cross signifiant tromper) était un dispositif de contre-espionnage organisé par le MI5, le service de renseignements britannique actif sur le territoire du Royaume-Uni, qui eut pour finalité la désinformation des services secrets allemands. Des agents nazis ont été capturés et retournés puis utilisés par les Britanniques principalement pour diffuser de fausses informations à leurs officiers-traitants allemands.

Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, l'opération Fortitude ("Courage" en français) est le nom de code collectif pour des opérations de désinformation et de diversion menées par les Alliés dans le but de cacher aux Allemands que le lieu du débarquement serait la Normandie, en leur faisant croire qu'il serait effectué ailleurs (Norvège ou Pas de Calais) ; une fois celui-ci lancé, de leur faire croire que ce n'est qu'un débarquement de diversion, afin de retarder l'arrivée de leurs renforts.

L'opération Mincemeat (littéralement "chair à pâté") était un plan britannique organisé par le Système Double Cross durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. L'opération doit convaincre les Allemands de leur interception de documents hautement confidentiels qui détaillaient avec précision les futurs plans d'invasion des Balkans et de la Sardaigne, afin d'éloigner de la Sicile - véritable objectif des Alliés - les troupes allemandes.