Finnish History

This book pulls back the curtain so you can get a better look at Finland’s history. Its history is exciting, even without the Vikings, and its proximity to Russia is something that is still talked about in the news today.

In 1939, tiny Finland waged war - the kind of war that spawns legends - against the mighty Soviet Union, and yet, their epic struggle has been largely ignored. Guerrillas on skis, heroic single-handed attacks on tanks, unfathomable endurance, and the charismatic leadership of one of this century's true military geniuses - these are the elements of both the Finnish victory and a gripping tale of war.

The history of the Russian Revolution and the subsequent civil war has been well documented in a number of books and documentaries. What has received far less coverage is an almost uncannily similar situation in Finland during the same time period. Starting in 1917, Finland was convulsed by a series of events that provided a direct parallel to those in Russia. The revolution, the civil war that followed, and the impact of the end of World War I all helped to define the modern state of Finland. This is the story of a forgotten conflict, its roots, and its impact on Finland and beyond.

In this groundbreaking account, Kimmo Rentola traces the epochal shifts in Soviet-Finnish relations. From the Winter War to Finland's exit from World War II in 1944, a possible Soviet-backed coup in 1948, and Moscow's designation of Finland as an enemy state in 1950, Finland was forced to navigate Stalin's outsize political and territorial demands. Rentola presents a dramatic reconstruction of Finland's unlikely survival at a time when the nation's very existence was at stake.

Finnish mythology is filled with stories from northern gods and goddesses, magical animals and feisty forest spirits. Finland was an agricultural society for hundreds of years and before that the inhabitants were hunter-gatherers. Our mythology and folktales are intertwined with the surrounding nature, clear lakes, northern lights and the forest, which was the home of all kinds of mysterious events. In this book you will become familiar with old Finnish gods and goddesses and ancient festivals.

The first two editions of Finnish Lessons described how a small Nordic nation built a school system that provided access to a world-class education for all of its young people. Now available in 30 languages, this Grawemeyer Award-winning book continues to influence education policies and school practices around the globe. In this third edition, Pasi Sahlberg updates the story of how Finland sustains its exemplary educational performance, including how it responds to turbulent changes at home and throughout the world.

This book describes the odd coalition between Germany and Finland in World War II, and their joint military operations from 1941 to 1945. This is a topic often missing in English, though in stark contrast to the numerous books on the shorter and less bloody Winter War. That conflict represented a gallant fight of a democratic “David” against a totalitarian “Goliath” that caught the imagination of the world. The story of Finland fighting alongside a “Goliath” of its own has not brought pride to that nation and was a period many Finns would rather forget.

Simo Häyhä was a man of action who spoke very little, but he was respected by his men and his superiors and given many difficult missions, including taking out specific targets. Able to move silently and swiftly through the landscape, melting into the snowbound surroundings in his white camouflage fatigues, his aim was deadly and his quarry rarely escaped. The Russians learned of his reputation as a marksman and tried several times to kill him by indirect fire. He was promoted from corporal to second lieutenant and he was awarded the Cross of Kollaa.

In December 1940, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill made a speech about a conflict that had some leading figures in Britain and France, including Churchill himself, briefly discussing the idea of going to war with the Soviet Union, even though they were already fighting Adolf Hitler. Of course, war makes strange bedfellows, and one year later, Churchill would find himself allied with the Soviet Union against Germany and Finland. It’s an interesting saga, one with roots in imperial Russian history and the desire of the Finns to be free in their northern forests.

Kirja taustoittaa vuoden 1883 näkökulmasta Savitaipaleella vuonna 1820 syntyneen kulttuurivaikuttaja D.E.D. Europaeuksen (k.1884) elämäntyötä lapsuudesta vanhuusikään saakka. Hänen toimintansa perustana oli jatkuva tiedon hankkiminen kansanrunouden, kielitieteen, arkeologian ja laajemminkin koko kulttuurimme alueilta yhteisöjen, kansojen ja ihmiskunnan parhaaksi. Kansanrunouden kerääjänä hän merkittävällä tavalla oli tukemassa tohtori Elias Lönnrotin toimittaman Kalevalan uuden version syntyä (1849). Myös sen arviointiin Europaeus osallistui.

Vuoden 1944 heinäkuussa Hitler ei aavista, että hänen selkänsä takana vehkeillään. Claus von Stauffenbergin on määrä kuljettaa Sudenpesään kaksi pommia ja räjäyttää ne Hitlerin, Himmlerin sekä Göringin läheisyydessä, jotta natsihallinnolla ei olisi enää johtajia. Legendaarista salamurhayritystä on kutsuttu myös nimellä operaatio Valkyyria, ja se on ainutlaatuinen vallankaappausyritys natsihallinnon historiassa, vaikka Hitleriin kohdistuikin yhteensä 40 murhayritystä.

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Dauntless-syöksypommittajien lentue nousi USS Enterprise -lentotukialukselta 4. kesäkuuta 1942. Ensin Japanin laivaston koneet olivat hyökänneet Yhdysvaltain tukikohtaan Midwayn saarella keskellä Tyyntämerta. Japanilaisten tavoite oli tuhota tukikohta ja ottaa Tyynimeri hallintaansa. Yhdysvaltain koodinmurtajat olivat kuitenkin paljastaneet hyökkäyksen etukäteen, ja U.S. Navy oli valmis iskemään vihollisen lentotukialuksiin. Alukset eivät nähneet toisiaan, vaan ne lähettivät lentokoneita hyökkäysaaltoina meren yli satojen merimailien päähän kohti vihollista.

Oli 22. kesäkuuta 1941 kello 3.41. Saksan sotilaat olivat valmiina taisteluun 1 800 kilometrin pituisella linjalla, joka ulottui Itämereltä Romaniaan. Helvetti oli hetkessä irti, kun Luftwaffen koneet suuntasivat puna-armeijan linjojen taakse ja tykistö avasi tulen. Seuraavaksi Saksan pelätyt panssarivaunut vyöryivät eteenpäin operaatio Barbarossassa Hitlerin hyökätessä Neuvostoliittoon. 3,7 miljoonan sotilaan hyökkäys oli siihen asti historian suurin.