Philosophy Reader

The second-century Greek physician Galen—the most famous doctor in antiquity after Hippocrates—is a central figure in Western medicine. A talented doctor, surgeon, writer, philosopher, teacher, pharmacologist, and inventor, Galen attended the court of Marcus Aurelius, living through outbreaks of plague that devastated the Roman Empire. He also served as a physician for professional gladiators. In writings that provided the foundation of Western medicine up to the nineteenth century, Galen created a unified account of health and disease.

Civilization and Its Discontents is a book by Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis. It was written in 1929 and explores what Freud sees as the important clash between the desire for individuality and the expectations of society. The book is considered one of Freud's most important and widely read works, and one of the most influential and studied books in the field of modern psychology. This book has been carefully adapted in to modern English to allow for easy listening. Enjoy!

An entertaining and enlightening anthology of classical Greek and Roman writings on animals—and our vital relationships with them.

Apology is a philosophical dialogue written by Plato, chronicling the trial of Socrates. In this work, Socrates defends himself against charges of corrupting the youth and impiety, ultimately leading to his conviction and execution. Despite his defense, Socrates remains steadfast in his commitment to truth and virtue, refusing to compromise his beliefs even in the face of death.

Ética a Nicómaco de Aristóteles es un texto fundamental de la filosofía moral occidental, donde el autor explora el concepto de virtud y felicidad. Aristóteles plantea que la vida buena para el ser humano es la vida de virtud, entendida como un término medio entre dos extremos, y que la felicidad (eudaimonia) es el fin último de la existencia humana, alcanzable mediante la práctica de las virtudes éticas y dianoéticas, en el marco de una vida dedicada a la actividad del alma conforme a la razón.

David Hume fue un filósofo, economista e historiador escocés del siglo XVIII, considerado una de las figuras más importantes del empirismo y del escepticismo filosófico. Su obra aborda profundamente la naturaleza humana, la sociedad y la moral, influyendo significativamente en el desarrollo de la filosofía moderna.

The idea of sexual fluidity may seem new, but it is at least as old as the ancient Greeks, who wrote about queer experiences with remarkable frankness, wit, and insight. How to Be Queer is an infatuating collection of these writings about desire, love, and lust between men, between women, and between humans and gods, in lucid and lively new translations.

Audiolibro producido con música original y sonido 3D. El mismo está diseñado para ser escuchado con auriculares. Las Meditaciones metafísicas, cuyo título completo es Meditaciones metafísicas en las que se demuestran la existencia de Dios y la inmortalidad del alma, es una obra escrita por René Descartes y publicada por primera vez en 1641, en latín, con el título Meditationes de prima philosophia, in qua Dei existentia et animæ immortalitas demonstrantur (una versión francesa, preparada por Louis Charles d'Albert de Luynes bajo la supervisión de Descartes, aparecerá en 1647 con el título de Méditations metaphysiques).

Can teenagers be turned on to serious reading? What kind of teachers can do it, and what books? To find out, Denby sat in on a 10th-grade English class in a demanding New York public school for an entire academic year and made frequent visits to a troubled inner-city public school in New Haven and to a respected public school in Westchester County.

The Prince is a 16th-century political treatise by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli. The Prince is sometimes claimed to be one of the first works of modern philosophy, especially modern political philosophy, in which the effective truth is taken to be more important than any abstract ideal. It was also in direct conflict with the dominant Catholic and scholastic doctrines of the time concerning politics and ethics.

Sulla Brevitá della Vita é un saggio morale, scritto da Seneca il Giovane, un filosofo stoico romano, al suo suocero. Il filosofo solleva molti principi stoici sulla natura del tempo, ossia che gli uomini sprecano gran parte del loro tempo in attivitá insignificanti. Secondo il saggio, la natura dá all'uomo abbastanza tempo per fare ció che é veramente importante e l'individuo la distribuisce in modo corretto. In generale, puó essere miglior utilizzato nello studio della filosofia, secondo Seneca. Questo saggio é stato adattato con cura in una forma contemporanea per consentire una facile lettura.

A memoir and a call to action, this intimate look at America’s long-standing struggle to adequately educate vulnerable children offers valuable insights for effecting change in families, communities, and nationwide.

The Epistulae morales ad Lucilium (Latin for "moral letters to Lucilius") are a collection of 124 letters which were written by Seneca at the end of his life, during his retirement, after he had worked for the Emperor Nero for 15 years. They are addressed to Lucilius, the then-procurator of Sicily. The letters highlight many moral and ethical ways to live and address many of the issues known to man about life and death. These letters have been carefully adapted into a contemporary format to allow for easy listening and understanding.

Self Reliance is an essay written in 1841 by Ralph Waldo Emerson. It contains the most thorough statement of one of Emerson's recurrent themes: the need for each individual to avoid conformity and false consistency, and follow his own instincts and ideas. This essay is an analysis into the nature of the aboriginal self on which a universal reliance may be grounded. He stresses that anyone is capable of achieving happiness simply if they change their mindset. Emerson focuses on seemingly insignificant details explaining how life is "learning and forgetting and learning again". 

In 63 BC, frustrated by his failure to be elected leader of the Roman Republic, the aristocrat Catiline tried to topple its elected government. Backed by corrupt elites and poor, alienated Romans, he fled Rome while his associates plotted to burn the city and murder its leading politicians. The attempted coup culminated with the unmasking of the conspirators in the Senate. In How to Stop a Conspiracy, Josiah Osgood presents a brisk, modern new translation of the definitive account of these events, Sallust's The War with Catiline.

El arte de ser feliz es una pequeña joya literaria y un valioso libro de cabecera, que reúne cincuenta reglas para la vida que cualquier persona puede aplicar. Arthur Schopenhauer solía dedicarse a la redacción de pequeños tratados como este, a los que concebía como textos para su uso práctico personal.

Las Meditaciones metafísicas es una obra escrita por René Descartes y publicada por primera vez en 1641, en latín, con el título Meditationes de prima philosophia, in qua Dei existentia et animæ immortalitas demonstrantur (una versión francesa, preparada por Louis Charles d'Albert de Luynes bajo la supervisión de Descartes, aparecerá en 1647 con el título de Méditations metaphysiques). En ella se elabora el sistema filosófico que había introducido en 1637, en la 4ª parte del Discurso del método.

Whether you farm or garden, live in the country or long to move there, or simply enjoy an occasional rural retreat, you will be delighted by this cornucopia of writings about living and working on the land, harvested from the fertile fields of ancient Greek and Roman literature. An inspiring antidote to the digital age, How to Be a Farmer evokes the beauty and bounty of nature with a rich mixture of philosophy, practical advice, history, and humor.

I wrote this book for you. Yes, YOU. You in particular. Herein you’ll find exactly the words you need to hear. You’ll know them when you hear them. I tried to keep this as brief as possible so you wouldn’t have to search very hard to find the words you need or listen to anything more than what was absolutely necessary. I know you’re a busy person and you don’t have much free time, so I’m trying to make this easy for you. Some of the things I’ve written here are going to seem odd…and others will make complete sense.