Roman Philosophy

Musonius Rufus (c. AD 30–100) was one of the four great Roman Stoic philosophers, the other three being Seneca, Marcus Aurelius, and Musonius’ pupil Epictetus. During his life, Musonius’ Stoicism was put to the test, most notably during an exile to Gyaros, a barren island in the Aegean Sea.

The original Latin name of this important essay by Seneca, written around 60 CE, was De Beneficiis, which is why it is generally translated as ‘On Benefits'. However, it is more usefully titled ‘On Favours', because this is what it is essentially about: the giving and receiving of favours, with all the implications of such transactions.

Para Marco Aurelio, cualquier acto de injusticia era «una blasfemia». Cicerón afirmó que el sentido del honor y el carácter de una persona definen sus actos. En Ser justo en un mundo injusto, Ryan Holiday afirma que la justicia es la virtud que rige todas las demás virtudes. Todo lo que vale la pena perseguir en la vida debe surgir de un compromiso con la justicia, del deseo de hacer el bien en este mundo.

Throughout history philosophers have sought to define, understand, and delineate concepts important to human well-being. One such concept is "knowledge." Many philosophers believed that absolute, certain knowledge, is possible—that the physical world and ideas formulated about it could be given solid foundation unaffected by the varieties of mere opinion.

Written nearly two thousand years ago, Emperor Marcus Aurelius‘s Meditations remains a relevant and profound philosophical exploration of what it means to live a meaningful life.

One of the most influential Roman perspectives on religion came from a nonreligious belief system that is finding new adherents even today: Stoicism. How did the Stoics think about religion? In How to Think About God, Philip Freeman presents vivid new translations of Cicero's On the Nature of the Gods and The Dream of Scipio. In these brief works, Cicero offers a Stoic view of belief, divinity, and human immortality, giving eloquent expression to the religious ideas of one of the most popular schools of Roman and Greek philosophy.

What is at stake is far from insignificant: it is how one should live one's life. Plato's The Republic is widely acknowledged as the cornerstone of Western philosophy. Presented in the form of a dialogue between Socrates and three different interlocutors, it is an inquiry into the notion of a perfect community and the ideal individual within it. During the conversation, other questions are raised: What is goodness? What is reality? What is knowledge?

Zufällig trifft Sokrates einen Freund auf der Straße. Ein Gespräch entspinnt sich, in dem Sokrates von seiner Begegnung mit dem weithin bekannten Sophisten Protagoras erzählt. So kurz der Handlungsrahmen wiederzugeben ist, so inhaltsreich das, was Platon in diesem frühen Dialog seinen Lesern zu bieten hat. Im Protagoras lässt Platon Sokrates sich erstmalig mit den Sophisten streiten. Überdeutlich tritt zutage, wo zwischen sokratischer Dialektik und sophistischem Denksport die Unterschiede liegen.

Batı uygarlığının kurucu üç unsurundan biri kabul edilen felsefenin daha tarihinin başlangıcında, Hz. İsa’nın doğumundan 399 yıl önce gerçekleşen bu olay, sıradan bir filozofa karşı basit bir muhakeme davası değildir.

Take a journey through the ancient history of the Jewish people, a proud and stubborn people who desired to retain their freedom and uniqueness. They fought for this ideal for centuries with various success, but then came the mighty Roman Empire. At first, the Romans were their allies, but they eventually conquered the Jewish state into their vast realm.

The Byzantine Empire was founded during the chaotic third century. It was the time when revolts and civil wars were common, and Roman emperors merely lasted for a year. Despite being one of the most captivating historical periods of all time, the Byzantine Empire is a lesser known one.

For the sake of time, I won't go into more detail and bore you. Instead, I will tell you that practicing stoicism is like sharpening a blade, and you have to make sure it never gets dull. Learning the basic guidelines for a person practicing stoicism can help make redirecting their emotions easier. However, there are no original stoic texts for us to follow; instead, you will be learning through interpretations from philosophers.

Hippias of Elis travels throughout the Greek world practicing and teaching the art of making beautiful speeches. On a rare visit to Athens, he meets Socrates, who questions him about the nature of his art. Socrates is especially curious about how Hippias would define beauty. They agree that beauty makes all beautiful things beautiful, but when Socrates presses him to say precisely what he means, Hippias is unable to deliver such a definition.

The Tao Te Ching is a compilation of meditations, comprised of 81 short chapters. Each chapter reflects on the beauty and mystical nature of the Tao (the Way). Tao Te Ching (Book of the Way) is one of the oldest written works that provides advice and guidance on perspective, inner strength, divine power, and moral excellence, among other principles of the universe. This 21st-century edition has been translated so that ancient text (originally written in classical Chinese in the fourth century BC) can be understood and enjoyed by the average listener.

Uno de los libros más celebrados de Séneca. Este es uno de los libros más celebrados de Séneca. Los sabios consejos dirigidos a su discípulo Lucilio tienen una validez que traspasa las fronteras del tiempo. Séneca nos habla sobre la conveniencia de una relación de equilibrio con la naturaleza, sobre la importancia de las cosas que hacemos a diario, cómo llevar una vida sana y honesta, qué es licito y qué no, lo que nos enriquece y nos empobrece, lo que es bueno y lo que es malo sin caer en el maniqueísmo, sobre la importancia y el cultivo de la amistad.

In this audiobook, you will travel back to Ancient Rome, where gladiators fought in the famous Colleseum, emperors were murdered to make way for new emperors, calendars were created, and Greek mythology was re-made into Roman mythology! Have fun listening to what’s left of this amazing society as you explore ancient ruins! Test your knowledge with end-of-section activities, and watch history come alive as you learn of the fascinating Roman Empire! We owe a lot to Ancient Rome, and you’ll learn what we abolished - and what we kept from this exciting time in history.

Stoicism is two things: a long past philosophical school of ancient Greece and Rome, and an enduring philosophical movement that still inspires people in the twenty-first century to rethink and reorganize their lives in order to achieve personal satisfaction. What is the connection between them? This Very Short Introduction provides an introductory account of Stoic philosophy, and tells the story of how ancient Stoicism survived and evolved into the movement we see today.

There are times when we've all felt that we haven't been treated as we deserve—that we've been misjudged, shortchanged, or given a raw deal. And, at one time or another, other people have probably felt that we've treated them just as unfairly. How to Do the Right Thing draws on the principles of ancient Stoicism as articulated by the Roman statesman and philosopher Seneca to help listeners better navigate one of the most important practical questions of daily life—how to do right by others.

Are you intrigued by ancient Rome’s myths, culture, and unimaginable rise to power? If so, this powerful history of ancient Rome will draw you in and keep you listening! Rome’s astonishing history now spans 28 centuries, growing from obscurity into a massive empire stretching from Britain to the Middle East and south to Africa. Rome’s culture and institutions left an enduring legacy that continues to impact civilizations around the world. This thoroughly-researched history vividly presents a fascinating insight into ancient Rome.

Epicteto es uno de los filósofos estoicos más leídos en nuestros días. En sus extensas conversaciones y enseñanzas, mostró el camino adecuado para que todos sus discípulos pudieran vivir en libertad, alejados de las circunstancias que la vida y la existencia en sociedad tratan de imponer.