Western Philosophy

Did you know that the barbarian tribe known as the Franks were the founders of present-day France? After assimilating with the Romans in the imperial province of Gaul, the Franks established a unified dominion under King Clovis in the late fifth and early sixth centuries. Under Clovis’ successors, the Frankish kingdom fractured. Warring factions of Franks, under the leadership of the royal descendants of Clovis, imprisoned or more often killed each other. They forced the luckiest of their rivals into monasteries and removed potential royal wives by exiling them to convents.

Most of us have probably heard the story of how a German monk named Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-Five Theses to the door of a church. These Ninety-five Theses were essentially ninety-five complaints lodged against the Catholic Church. In those days, the Catholic Church was the big guy on the block when it came to religion.

Eine der am wenigsten verstandenen Perioden der europäischen Geschichte ereignete sich zwischen dem 6. und dem 14. bzw. 15. Jahrhundert (je nachdem, welchen Historiker Sie fragen). Allgemein als Mittelalter bezeichnet, war dies eine Epoche extremer Veränderungen für Europa, beginnend mit dem Fall des Weströmischen Reiches. Für einen Kontinent, der eine drastische Umverteilung im Machtgefüge erlebt hatte, schien die Welt besonders hart zu sein. Rom hatte weit über ein Jahrtausend lang eine wichtige Rolle in Gesamteuropa gespielt. Dann verschwand es.