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GLP-1s do far more than slow your stomach. In Part 3, Dr Federica Amati of ZOE explains what these drugs ask of your liver, gallbladder and pancreas, why a short preparation phase before you start can help, and why dehydration is easy to miss. Then the question at the centre of this series: women tend to lose more weight on GLP-1s than men, and seem to get more side effects, and the reasons are not yet settled. We finish on muscle and bone, why resistance training is the biggest lever you have, and why muscle loss in perimenopause is not a given.

KEY TOPICS

The liver's central role, and why fatty liver disease so often goes undiagnosed

Why preparing for a few weeks before you start can help

Gallstones, the pancreas, kidney stones and hydration

Why women tend to lose more weight than men, and the open question of why

Whether the trials were designed around men

Why gut side effects appear more common in women

Muscle, lean mass and what happens in the first months

Resistance training as the biggest protective lever, and why bone matters more for women

Perimenopause: why muscle loss is not inevitable

The one thing to know before your first injection

TIMESTAMPS

0:00 Introduction

2:05 The liver: the organ doing the heavy lifting

6:05 Why you prepare before you start

7:05 Gallbladder and pancreas

8:45 Kidney stones, thirst and dehydration

10:25 Why women lose more weight than men

11:35 Were the trials designed around men?

13:35 Side effects in women

15:05 Muscle, lean mass and the first three months

19:05 Bone density, and why it matters more for women

20:45 Perimenopause: muscle loss isn't a given

23:45 The one thing your GP may not tell you

24:50 Coming up in Part 4

REFERENCES AND RESOURCES MENTIONED

The Appetite Reset, Dr Federica Amati (Penguin Michael Joseph, 2026)

Fatty liver disease (now called MASLD, previously NAFLD)

GUEST LINKS

Website: https://federicaamati.com

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dr.fede.amati/

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-fede-amati/

ZOE: https://zoe.com/en-gb?utm_medium=press&utm_source=website&utm_campaign=UK_app

ZOE Daily30: https://zoe.com/en-gb/daily30?utm_medium=press&utm_source=daily30&utm_campaign=UK_daily30

This episode is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. GLP-1 medications should only be used under qualified medical supervision. If you are considering starting, stopping or changing one, speak to a doctor who knows your full medical history.

Insta/TikTok: @BiohackingEve
Website: www.BiohackingEve.com

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Hunger is not one feeling. In Part 2, Dr Federica Amati of ZOE maps appetite as a four-stage system, from the moment you smell food to the fibre still feeding your gut microbes hours later, and shows where GLP-1 drugs act on it. She explains what food noise is and is not, why psychological support belongs alongside these medicines, and how leptin resistance can leave someone feeling starved in a body with plenty of stored energy. We also cover why eating very little can stall weight loss, what a plateau is, and how the next generation of drugs differs from the first.

KEY TOPICS

Full versus satiated: the four stages of appetite (head, stomach, small intestine, colon)

Why the fibre-fed colon stage is the one most of us miss

Why diet culture works against these drugs

Food noise: what it is, and how it differs from loving food

Why psychological support is an essential part of treatment

Leptin resistance and the body's drive to return to its set point

Very low calorie intake, metabolic adaptation and plateaus

Switching between drugs, and why slow increases and decreases in dose matter

Why cycle syncing the dose does not hold up for this group

What makes second and third-generation drugs different

TIMESTAMPS

0:00 Introduction

2:05 Full versus satiated: the four stages of appetite

9:30 Why diet culture works against these drugs

11:40 Food noise, and what it is not

15:00 Why psychological support matters

17:00 Leptin resistance: starving in a body full of energy

21:40 Eating very little, and weight-loss plateaus

24:20 Breaking a plateau, and the lowest effective dose

26:40 Switching between drugs

27:40 Cycle syncing: does it apply here?

30:40 What makes the next generation of drugs different

32:35 Coming up in Part 3

REFERENCES AND RESOURCES MENTIONED

The Appetite Reset, Dr Federica Amati (Penguin Michael Joseph, 2026)

Gut hormones discussed: GLP-1, PYY and GIP

Drugs discussed: Ozempic and Wegovy (semaglutide), Mounjaro (tirzepatide)

GUEST LINKS

Website: https://federicaamati.com

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dr.fede.amati/

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-fede-amati/

ZOE: https://zoe.com/en-gb?utm_medium=press&utm_source=website&utm_campaign=UK_app

ZOE Daily30: https://zoe.com/en-gb/daily30?utm_medium=press&utm_source=daily30&utm_campaign=UK_daily30

This episode is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. GLP-1 medications should only be used under qualified medical supervision. If you are considering starting, stopping or changing one, speak to a doctor who knows your full medical history.

Insta/TikTok: @BiohackingEve
Website: www.BiohackingEve.com

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What do GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic, Wegovy and Mounjaro actually do? In Part 1 of this four-part series, Dr Federica Amati, Head Nutritionist at ZOE and author of The Appetite Reset, explains why 'appetite suppressant' is the wrong way to think about them. They amplify a fullness signal your own gut already makes, holding it for about a week rather than a couple of minutes. From there she takes apart the willpower story: how the brain's hunger centre is wired differently from person to person, how genetics and influences before birth shape it, and why that matters for anyone deciding whether to start, or stay on, one of these drugs.

KEY TOPICS
- Why these are effective medicines, and why so many people are set up to waste them
- Why so many people stop taking them, and what usually goes wrong
- Sarcopenic obesity: losing fat without keeping strength
- How GLP-1 drugs amplify the body's own satiety signal
- Why 'natural Ozempic' supplements cannot copy the drug
- The hypothalamus, genetics and why obesity is not a question of willpower
- Whether GLP-1s may be lifelong for some people
- Pregnancy, and why these drugs are not for women trying to conceive
- Transgenerational influences: the Dutch Hunger Winter and endocrine-disrupting chemicals

TIMESTAMPS
These are estimates and may shift in final editing.
0:00 Introduction
1:45 The opportunity being squandered
4:05 Why so many people stop
6:45 Sarcopenic obesity and who is most at risk
7:45 Not an appetite suppressant: the system these drugs amplify
10:05 Why 'natural Ozempic' supplements can't copy the drug
11:45 Brain wiring, and why obesity is not about willpower
14:35 Are GLP-1s lifelong for some people?
17:05 Pregnancy and the 'Ozempic babies'
19:45 Over a hundred genes: why siblings can differ
22:35 The Dutch Hunger Winter and endocrine disruptors
24:10 Coming up in Part 2

REFERENCES AND RESOURCES MENTIONED
- The Appetite Reset, Dr Federica Amati (Penguin Michael Joseph, 2026)
- Professor Giles Yeo, research on the genetics of obesity
- Professor Lucilla Poston, research on GLP-1 exposure in pregnancy
- Dutch Hunger Winter cohort studies

GUEST LINKS
- Website: https://federicaamati.com
- Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dr.fede.amati/
- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-fede-amati/
- ZOE:
https://zoe.com/en-gb?utm_medium=press&utm_source=website&utm_campaign=UK_app
- ZOE Daily30:
https://zoe.com/en-gb/daily30?utm_medium=press&utm_source=daily30&utm_campaign=UK_daily30

This episode is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. GLP-1 medications should only be used under qualified medical supervision. If you are considering starting, stopping or changing one, speak to a doctor who knows your full medical history.

Insta/TikTok: @BiohackingEve
Website: www.BiohackingEve.com

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In the final part of this three-part series, Gary Rhodes covers the complete risk factor landscape for bone loss — including the underappreciated role of emotional trauma and chronic stress. He gives a frank assessment of bisphosphonates and injectable bone drugs, makes a clear case for HRT as bone-protective, and connects skeletal health to the entire body system. Followed by curveball questions: books, investments, morning protocols, and the Tony Robbins partnership that has defined much of Gary's public platform.

Key topics:
Full risk factor list: smoking, alcohol, stress, trauma, drugs, hormonal contraception, eating disorders, over-exercising, non-weight-bearing sport, cancer treatment, genetic predisposition
Emotional trauma and self-kindness as bone health variables
Bisphosphonates: mechanism (slowing osteoclasts), place, and concerns about early prescription
Injectable bone drugs: spontaneous fractures and the trabecular glueing concern
HRT: oestrogen's bone-protective role; Dr Vonda Wright and Dr Louise Newson advocacy
Genetic factors: predispositions to absorption, DNA testing
Whole-body connections: bone marrow, magnesium storage, cardiovascular, cognitive, neurological links
Mortality statistics: 15–30% death risk within 12 months of hip fracture over 65
Osteoporosis kills more people than breast cancer and ovarian cancer combined
Screen My Bones platform: 50,000 screening target, integrated health data roadmap
Curveball: billboard message ("Osteoporosis is a choice")
Curveball: current work (Screen My Bones platform, 50,000 scan target)
Curveball: sidekick — Napoleon Hill (Think and Grow Rich)
Curveball: books — Unbreakable (Dr Vonda Wright), The 7 Habits (Stephen Covey), The 48 Laws of Power (Robert Greene), Dharma (Amish Tripathi), Tao Te Ching (Wayne Dyer)
Curveball: purchase under £100 — water bottle
Curveball: purchase under £1,000 — BrainTap headset (~$500–600)
Curveball: best investment — Tony Robbins UPW event (2012)
Curveball: unusual habit — ice bath + sauna 3–4x/week as morning protocol; cortisol awareness, no coffee until post-workout
Tony Robbins firewalk story (walked the coals three times in one night)

References and resources mentioned:
Dr Vonda Wright — Unbreakable (book)
Stephen Covey — The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People (book)
Robert Greene — The 48 Laws of Power (book)
Amish Tripathi — Dharma: Decoding the Epics for a Meaningful Life (book)
Wayne Dyer — Tao Te Ching (book)
Napoleon Hill — Think and Grow Rich (book, mentioned in sidekick answer)
Tony Robbins — Unleash the Power Within (UPW) event: https://www.tonyrobbins.com/events/unleash-the-power-within
BrainTap — brain entrainment headset and app (Dr Patrick Porter): https://braintap.com
Dr Louise Newson — UK HRT and menopause advocate
Dr Vonda Wright — women's health and bone health advocate
OULA hydration tracker device

Guest social links:
Website: screenmybones.com
Instagram (Gary Rhodes): https://www.instagram.com/garyandrewrhodes/
Instagram (Screen My Bones): https://www.instagram.com/screenmybones?igsh=MWY0ZWc1OWY1OGhubw==
Instagram (Screen My Bones US): https://www.instagram.com/screenmybones.us/
Instagram (Performance Health MSK): https://www.instagram.com/performancehealthsystemsmsk/
Facebook (Screen My Bones): https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61566125690406
Facebook (Performance Health MSK): https://web.facebook.com/PerformanceHealthSystemsMSK

Insta/TikTok: @BiohackingEve
Website: www.BiohackingEve.com

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Gary Rhodes of Screen My Bones gets practical in Part 2: which bone scans are available, what they measure, and how often to retest. He explains the science behind osteogenic loading and BioDensity — a technology that builds bone safely even in people with severe osteoporosis — and covers what someone with no gym access can do. The episode also covers the specific nutrition that supports bone density, including the calcium-K2 relationship that most people get wrong.

Key topics:
DEXA scan: T-score, Z-score, fragility score, TBS, radiation, inaccuracy rate
EchoLight (REMS ultrasound): bone density + quality, no radiation, 5-year risk window
Why the TBS function on DEXA machines is rarely used — and why it matters
Retest frequency: every 12 months recommended vs NHS 3-year standard
BioDensity and osteogenic loading: the science, the safety, Wolff's Law
Power Plate (whole-body vibration) and the Rev Bike (vibration + VO2 max)
Impact vs loading: what each does for bone and whether you need both
Zero-budget bone-building: running, hopping, jumping, heavy lifting
Why cyclists, swimmers, and rowers have unexpectedly poor bone density
EMS (electro-muscular stimulation): role and limitations
Results: bone quality and T-score changes in 6 and 18 months
Nutrition: whole foods, protein, absorption, eating in parasympathetic state
Specific nutrients: D3 + K2/MK-7, magnesium, collagen, boron, Omega-3
Calcium supplementation: why it can cause harm without K2 and exercise
Protein and bone: the muscle-bone connection

References and resources mentioned:
EchoLight / REMS ultrasound technology
BioDensity — Performance Health Systems
Power Plate — Performance Health Systems
Rev Bike — Performance Health Systems
eGym (variable resistance training technology)
Dr Vonda Wright — Unbreakable
Dr Gabrielle Lyon — creatine research
Wolff's Law (foundational bone remodelling principle — medical school curriculum)

Guest social links:
Website: screenmybones.com
Instagram (Gary Rhodes): https://www.instagram.com/garyandrewrhodes/
Instagram (Screen My Bones): https://www.instagram.com/screenmybones?igsh=MWY0ZWc1OWY1OGhubw==
Instagram (Screen My Bones US): https://www.instagram.com/screenmybones.us/
Instagram (Performance Health MSK): https://www.instagram.com/performancehealthsystemsmsk/
Facebook (Screen My Bones): https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61566125690406
Facebook (Performance Health MSK): https://web.facebook.com/PerformanceHealthSystemsMSK

Insta/TikTok: @BiohackingEve
Website: www.BiohackingEve.com

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Gary Rhodes, founder of Screen My Bones, opens a three-part deep dive into the most overlooked pillar of women's longevity: skeletal health. Part 1 covers what osteoporosis and osteopenia actually are, why bone loss in women accelerates so dramatically at menopause, and the hidden risks from GLP-1 weight loss drugs, chronic stress, and emotional trauma. Gary reversed his own grandmother's severe osteoporosis in 23 months — and has since scanned over 20,000 people to build the evidence base for early, proactive bone screening.

Key topics:
Reversing osteoporosis: Gary's grandmother's story (T-score minus 2.7 → normal range in 23 months)
What osteoporosis is — and why "disease" is the wrong framing
Bone density vs bone quality — two distinct measurements, both essential
T-scores, Z-scores, fragility scores: what to pay attention to
The menopause bone cliff: 1–5% loss per year, up to 20% over 5–7 years
Why women lose bone faster than men (oestrogen mechanism)
Osteoporosis prevalence: 19.6% in women vs 4.4% in men over 50
Peak bone mass at 28–32 and the case for screening in your thirties
GLP-1 drugs (Ozempic, Mounjaro) and the 40% muscle/bone loss risk
Osteoimmunology: bone marrow as immune factory; inflammatory cytokines and bone resorption
Cortisol, adrenal stress and mineral depletion from bone
Emotional trauma as a bone health risk factor

References and resources mentioned:
Screen My Bones: screenmybones.com
Tony Robbins — Unleash the Power Within (UPW): https://www.tonyrobbins.com/events/unleash-the-power-within
Dr Gabrielle Lyon — creatine and muscle protein research

Guest social links:
Website: screenmybones.com
Instagram (Gary Rhodes): https://www.instagram.com/garyandrewrhodes/
Instagram (Screen My Bones): https://www.instagram.com/screenmybones?igsh=MWY0ZWc1OWY1OGhubw==
Instagram (Screen My Bones US): https://www.instagram.com/screenmybones.us/
Instagram (Performance Health MSK): https://www.instagram.com/performancehealthsystemsmsk/
Facebook (Screen My Bones): https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61566125690406
Facebook (Performance Health MSK): https://web.facebook.com/PerformanceHealthSystemsMSK

Insta/TikTok: @BiohackingEve
Website: www.BiohackingEve.com

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In Part 2, materials engineer Shagun Maheshwari unpacks what conventional menstrual pads are actually made of — up to 90% plastic — and what that means for the body and the environment. Phthalates, microplastics, greenwashing, and why she designed Papaya to degrade in a landfill, not just a composter.

Key topics in this part:
- Why conventional pads can be up to 90% plastic; heat-bonding and textile engineering
- Adhesives as a still-unsolved sustainability problem
- Phthalates and VOCs; endocrine disruption and absorbent vulvovaginal tissue
- Why fragrance can worsen period odour rather than mask it
- Antimicrobial properties and the delicate vaginal microbiome balance
- Microplastics vs nanoplastics, and how they reach tissue
- Why plastic doesn't biodegrade; what genuine biodegradability requires
- Greenwashing: "biodegradable top sheet," bamboo/cotton pads that still contain SAP, the label test
- Industrial composter vs landfill degradation standards
- Lifetime product volume (≈5,000–15,000 products); ~800-year SAP degradation
- Where to find Papaya; what's next for the product
- The case for putting people who experience the problem on the technical design team

Timestamps:
00:00 — Hookable intro
00:42 — Biohacking Eve intro
01:07 — Recap of Part 1
01:27 — Episode summary
02:27 — Conversation resumes: plastics in pads
08:00 — Endocrine disruptors, fragrance, microbiome
16:00 — Microplastics and how they reach tissue
22:00 — Why plastic doesn't biodegrade; greenwashing and the label test
28:00 — Composter vs landfill; lifetime volume
33:00 — Where to find Papaya
34:00 — Curveball questions
40:00 — Close → outro

References mentioned in this part:
- Super absorbent polymer / sodium polyacrylate (SAP); polyacrylate, polypropylene, polyurethane
- Phthalates; volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
- Industrial composting vs landfill degradation standards (≈90% in six months)
- Strange Pictures by Uketsu — Japanese mystery novel
- Agatha Christie; P.G. Wodehouse (Jeeves and Wooster); Joseph Campbell (the hero's journey)

Guest & product links:
Website: papayapads.com
Instagram: @papaya.india and @shagun.maheshwari
LinkedIn (Shagun): https://www.linkedin.com/in/maheshwarishagun/
LinkedIn (company): https://www.linkedin.com/company/papayaindia/
Pilots in other countries: bulk orders only — contact Shagun directly

Insta/TikTok: @BiohackingEve
Website: www.BiohackingEve.com